Indian - Scientist | -
Finding the first seed black holes could help reveal how the relation between black holes and their host galaxies evolved over time.
Priyamvada Natarajan
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Black holes are enigmatic astronomical objects, areas where the gravity is so immense that it has warped spacetime so that not even light can escape.
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I am a professor of astronomy and physics at Yale University, where I teach an introductory class in cosmology. I see the deficiencies that first-year students show up with.
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My students may have dexterity with the equations they're required to know, but they lack the capacity to apply their knowledge to real-life problems. This critical shortcoming appears in high school and possibly in elementary grades - long before college.
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Growing up in Delhi, India, I did puzzles, explored numbers, and searched for patterns in everyday settings long before I ever saw an equation.
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Perhaps more than English or history, STEM subjects require an enormous amount of foundational learning before students can become competent.
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Everyone acknowledges that there is a political part to tenure, but no one likes to admit it.
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We knew from theoretical models that mergers of massive, gas-rich galaxies were more frequent in the past. Now we've found that these mergers are responsible for producing both the nearby obscured quasar population and their distant cousins.
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We cannot explain the phenomenon of gravitational lensing without general relativity, and this is where MOND spectacularly fails.
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If you know the shape of the lens and the image you get, you can work out the path that light followed between the object and your eye.
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The precise effects of lensing depend on the mass of the lens, the structure of space-time, and the relative distance between us, the lens, and the distant object behind it. It's like a magnifying glass, where the image you get depends on the shape of the lens and how far you hold it from the object you're looking at.
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We already have a pretty good knowledge of the universe's mass-energy content, so if we can get a handle on its geometry, then we will be able to work out exactly what the fate of the universe will be.
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